The FDA has also recently approved intranasal glucagon as a treatment for severe hypoglycemia.

美国食品药品监督管理局最近也批准了高血糖素鼻粉剂。

And the pancreas regulates your blood sugar by releasing two different hormones — insulin and glucagon.

腺通过释放两种不素来调节你血糖——岛素和高血糖素。

A decrease in glucose stimulates alpha cells in the pancreas to release insulin's nemesis, the hormone glucagon.

葡萄糖减少刺腺中α细胞释放岛素克星——荷尔蒙高血糖素。

Insulin is used to reduce blood glucose levels, and glucagon is used to increase blood glucose levels.

岛素用来低血糖水平，而高血糖素用来提高血糖水平。

In states of stress, like an infection, the body releases epinephrine, which in turn stimulates the release of glucagon.

在压力状态下，比如发生感染时，身体会产生肾上腺素，从而刺高血糖素释放。

And so we use two different hormones, insulin and glucagon to do that.

因此，我们利用两种不素——岛素和高血糖素来实现这一目标。

There are going to be a number of things that impact insulin and glucagon.

会有多种因素影响岛素和高血糖素水平。

And what the glucagon does is it increases energy expenditure.

高血糖素作用是增加能量消耗。

The pancreas also secretes insulin and glucagon.

腺还分泌岛素和高血糖素。

GLP-1 is in the glucagon pathway.

GLP-1位于高血糖素通路中。

Well then your body is going to quit producing that insulin and it's going to start producing glucagon.

那么，你身体将停止分泌岛素，并开始产生高血糖素。

For example, the amount of glucose in the blood controls the secretion of insulin and glucagons via negative feedback.

例如，血液中葡萄糖量通过负反馈控制岛素和高血糖素分泌。

DPP4 can degrade the host's glucagon and contribute to compromising glucose homeostasis, as indicated in the study published in Science on August 4.

8 月 4 日发表在《科》杂志上研究表明，DPP4 可以解宿主高血糖素，并有助于损害葡萄糖稳态。

With such a long fast, hormones such as glucagon and epinephrine are released to increase blood glucose levels and more importantly, break down more fat.

如此长时间禁食，血液中诸如高血糖素和肾上腺素等素水平会升高，以增长血糖值，更重要是它们可以分解更多脂肪。

Those are the pancreatic cells that produce hormones such as insulin and glucagon and that are attacked by the immune system in type 1 diabetes patients.

这些是产生岛素和高血糖素等素腺细胞，在 1 型糖尿病患者中会被免疫系统攻击。

Insulin is secreted by beta cells in the center of the islets, and glucagon is secreted by alpha cells in the periphery of the islets.

岛素由岛中间β细胞分泌，而高血糖素由岛外周α细胞分泌。

In general, the body controls how much glucose is in the blood relative to how much gets into the cells with two hormones: insulin and glucagon.

通常，人体用两种素来控制血液和细胞里葡萄糖比例：岛素与高血糖素。

And so now when the blood glucose level goes too far down, glucagon in added and that's going to increase the blood glucose level.

因此， 当血糖水平过低时，高血糖素会被释放， 从而提升血糖水平。

Or if there is an increase in insulin, if blood glucose isn't dropping, then there must be a corresponding increase in glucagon, which is basically offsetting all of insulin's issues.

或者如果岛素增加， 如果血糖没有下，那么高血糖素就必须相应增加，这基本上抵消了岛素所有问题。