The FDA has also recently approved intranasal glucagon as a treatment for severe hypoglycemia.

美国食品药品监督管理局最近也批准了素鼻粉剂。

And the pancreas regulates your blood sugar by releasing two different hormones — insulin and glucagon.

腺通过释放两种不同的素来调节你的——岛素和素。

A decrease in glucose stimulates alpha cells in the pancreas to release insulin's nemesis, the hormone glucagon.

葡萄的减少腺中的α细胞释放岛素的克星——荷尔蒙素。

Insulin is used to reduce blood glucose levels, and glucagon is used to increase blood glucose levels.

岛素用来降低水平，而素用来提水平。

In states of stress, like an infection, the body releases epinephrine, which in turn stimulates the release of glucagon.

在压力状态下，比如发生感染时，身体会产生肾上腺素，从而素的释放。

And what the glucagon does is it increases energy expenditure.

素的作用是增加能量消耗。

The pancreas also secretes insulin and glucagon.

腺还分泌岛素和素。

For example, the amount of glucose in the blood controls the secretion of insulin and glucagons via negative feedback.

例如，液中的葡萄量通过负反馈控制岛素和素的分泌。

DPP4 can degrade the host's glucagon and contribute to compromising glucose homeostasis, as indicated in the study published in Science on August 4.

8 月 4 日发表在《科学》杂志上的研究表明，DPP4 可以降解宿主的素，并有助于损害葡萄稳态。

Insulin is secreted by beta cells in the center of the islets, and glucagon is secreted by alpha cells in the periphery of the islets.

岛素由岛中间的β细胞分泌，而素由岛外周的α细胞分泌。

With such a long fast, hormones such as glucagon and epinephrine are released to increase blood glucose levels and more importantly, break down more fat.

如此长时间的禁食，液中诸如素和肾上腺素等素水平会升，以增长值，更重要的是它们可以分解更多脂肪。

Those are the pancreatic cells that produce hormones such as insulin and glucagon and that are attacked by the immune system in type 1 diabetes patients.

这些是产生岛素和素等素的腺细胞，在 1 型尿病患者中会被免疫系统攻击。

In general, the body controls how much glucose is in the blood relative to how much gets into the cells with two hormones: insulin and glucagon.

通常，人体用两种素来控制液和细胞里的葡萄比例：岛素与素。

Or if there is an increase in insulin, if blood glucose isn't dropping, then there must be a corresponding increase in glucagon, which is basically offsetting all of insulin's issues.

或者如果岛素增加， 如果没有下降，那么素就必须相应增加，这基本上抵消了岛素的所有问题。